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We present an analysis of artifacts recovered from excavations at the siteof Camp Michaux (Michaux State Forest, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania). The analysis focuses on iron nails, cartridge cases, a clay pipe fragment, and a metal zipper slider with pull tab, which provide insight into the different people who lived and worked at the site over its 187-year history. There are marked differences in how space was used and controlled with respect to waste disposal from the 18th- to 20th-century occupations of tenant farmers to the 20th-century occupations of the Depression-era Civilian Conservation Corps and the WWII Prisoner of War camps. These differences reflect discrepancies between the number of individuals occupying the site and the representation of their activities in the archaeological record.
 

Pennsylvania Archaeologist, 91(1), 15-25
Weinschenk’s Island: A Late Jack’s Reef Horizon Site in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Richard T. Gartley, James F. Morton, and Jeff Carskadden

The Weinschenk’s Island site (36Lr76) was located along the Beaver River in Taylor Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, near the modern-day town of West Pittsburgh. Lithic artifacts and ceramics surface collected from the site in the 1960s indicate that the location was briefly occupied mainly during the Edinburg phase of the Jack’s Reef  horizon (A.D. 700 – A.D. 1000). Although the site has been mentioned in several previous publications, artifacts from the site are discussed and illustrated here for the first time.
 

Pennsylvania Archaeologist, 91(1), 27-54
Turner Rockshelter (36AR96), Turner Cave (36BT509), and Smittman Rockshelter (36AR38)
William H. Tippins, Thomas P. Rabbitt, and Richard W. Lang

 This paper is a salvage report on Turner Rockshelter (36Ar96) and Smittman Rockshelter (36Ar38), and provides new information on Turner Cave (36Bt509). All three sites are located in close proximity to each other in western Pennsylvania. Turner and Smittman rockshelters were excavated by amateur archaeologists in the late 1950s and early 1960s, but the results were never published. In subsequent years the field notes were lost, and the collections dispersed. Thankfully, some documentation on Turner Rockshelter and large portions of the Turner and Smittman collections have been relocated and studied. As this report demonstrates, all three sites were visited by native people from Archaic times through the Late Prehistoric periods. Turner Rockshelter also produced some interesting early historic artifacts.
 

Pennsylvania Archaeologist, 91(1), 55-63
Excavation at the Swetz Farm Site, A Monongahela Habitation Site in Southern Fayette County, Pennsylvania
John P. Nass, Jr. and Douglas G. Sahady

In 2013 West Virginia University and California University of Pennsylvania conducted testing at the Swetz Farm site in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. A collection of artifacts in the possession of the owner, together with testing confirmed the presence of a Late Prehistoric Monongahela habitation site. Excavation was confined to two areas within the farmstead and the results of the excavation are summarized.
 

Pennsylvania Archaeologist, 91(1), 65-73
Contact at the Confluence: Possible Contact Period Artifacts in the Wyoming Valley
Mark G. Dziak

An assortment of metal artifacts may provide new evidence of Contact period activity along the Susquehanna River in Northeastern Pennsylvania. This material—including hand-cut sheet copper-alloy, lead round shot, iron-alloy tools, a crotal bell, and a jaw harp—came from near the confluence of the Susquehanna and Lackawanna rivers in present-day Duryea, Pennsylvania, in the Wyoming Valley. Historical records of nearby Indian trails, visiting missionaries and traders, and an eighteenth-century Delaware (Lenni Lenape) village, along with the archaeological discoveries of colonial cabins just upriver, may provide context for these finds.